Tuesday, June 2, 2009

Spy Chips Guiding CIA Drone Strikes

Story in Wired about the possibility that the U.S. military is getting locals to plant RF chips on or near militants which are used to guide UAVs in onto their targets.

One of the interesting things to me was that apparently the militants had worked out a while ago that this was going on and were doing their best to stop it. That seems to indicate a pretty high level of technical sophistication.

http://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2009/06/spy-chips-guiding-cia-drone-strikes-locals-say/

Wednesday, May 27, 2009

In a review of "Wired for War"

"Another scientist talked about how the military came to him and said, "Oh, we'd like you to design the hunter-killer drone from the Terminator movies." Which, you know, is kind of incredibly scary, but it makes perfect sense from another perspective in that if it's effective for SkyNet, their thinking is: "Well, it could be really neat in our real-world battlefields.""

http://www.hplusmagazine.com/articles/robotics/wired-war-or-how-we-learned-stop-worrying-and-let-dystopian-sf-movies-inspire-our-

DARPA Strategic Plan

Four "Future Icons" in DARPA's strategic plan will require particular involvement of MAS and MRS researchers:

Air Vehicles: unmanned air vehicles that quickly arrive at their mission station and can loiter there for very long periods

National Cyber Range: The National Cyber Range will provide an environment for realistic, qualitative and quantitative assessment of potentially revolutionary cyber research and development technologies

Persistent Surveillance Sensors: determine, track, and neutralize elusive threats, such as improvised explosive device factories

Networks: self-forming, robust, self-defending networks at the strategic and tactical level are the key to network-centric warfare; these networks will use spectrum far more efficiently and resist disruption if the GPS time signal is unavailable


DARPA currently emphasizes research in nine strategic thrusts:
Robust, Secure, Self-Forming Networks
Detection, Precision ID, Tracking, and Destruction of Elusive Targets
Urban Area Operations
Advanced Manned and Unmanned Systems
Detection, Characterization, and Assessment of Underground Structures
Space
Increasing the Tooth to Tail Ratio
Bio-Revolution
Core Technologies

http://www.darpa.mil/Docs/StratPlan09.pdf

Richard Feyman at Thinking Machines

Great article about Richard Feyman's time at Thinking Machines. This guy was a pure scientist.

"That is positively the dopiest idea I ever heard." For Richard a crazy idea was an opportunity to either prove it wrong or prove it right. Either way, he was interested. By the end of lunch he had agreed to spend the summer working at the company."

".... we informed Richard that his assignment would be to advise on the application of parallel processing to scientific problems. 'That sounds like a bunch of baloney,' he said. 'Give me something real to do.'"

"When I got back to Boston I went to the library and discovered a book by Kimura on the subject, and much to my disappointment, all of our "discoveries" were covered in the first few pages. When I called back and told Richard what I had found, he was elated. 'Hey, we got it right!' he said. 'Not bad for amateurs.'"

http://www.longnow.org/views/essays/articles/ArtFeynman.php

Friday, May 22, 2009

Someone has been watching Transformers

I can't believe this is anything more than a publicity stunt, but this very orange and very large robot is supposed to clear forests (for fire prevention) and perhaps even fight fires. Amusing, if nothing else.

http://www.treehugger.com/files/2009/05/giant-robot-fights-forest-fires.php

Tuesday, May 19, 2009

Autonomous Robotics Journal - latest issue

Papers on robots with whiskers and underwater robots, sounds like we are halfway to an autonomous walrus ....

On the use of likelihood fields to perform sonar scan matching localization
Authors: Antoni Burguera, Yolanda González and Gabriel Oliver
DOI: 10.1007/s10514-009-9108-0
pp. 203-222

Contact type dependency of texture classification in a whiskered mobile robot
Authors: Charles W. Fox, Ben Mitchinson, Martin J. Pearson, Anthony
G. Pipe, and Tony J. Prescott
DOI: 10.1007/s10514-009-9109-z
pp. 223-239

Maneuvering and control of a biomimetic autonomous underwater vehicle
Author: Jenhwa Guo
DOI: 10.1007/s10514-009-9117-z
pp. 241-249

http://www.springerlink.com/content/0929-5593

Tuesday, May 5, 2009

Imagine if scientists cooperated

http://tierneylab.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/04/30/what-if-scientists-didnt-compete/

"What if scientists, instead of rushing to publish or perish, chose to cooperate? Sean Cutler decided to do “a little experiment,” as he calls it, and you can see the results in the forthcoming issue of Science."

I think MRS and MAS researchers cooperate more than researchers in most fields do, because there is so much to be done to make even a single application work. There is also so much "low hanging fruit", that competing hard to be the first to some some particular problem rarely seems worth the effort - just find an interesting unsolved problem that there are not so many people working on.

Wednesday, April 29, 2009

IJRR accepting "Data papers"

I think this is a great idea, get peer-reviewed data on the web both for reducing start up costs for robotics research and for good comparison of techniques.

" From the Editorial Board of the International Journal of Robotics
Research,

The International Journal of Robotics Research announces a new genre
of paper – the data paper – for significant and peer reviewed archival
data sets. Data papers build on the success of archival multimedia
content for papers, another IJRR innovation that was introduced in
July 2001.

Our goal in creating data papers is to facilitate and encourage the
release of high quality, peer reviewed data sets to the robotics
community. We believe that the widespread availability of large data
sets (order of Gbytes) will overcome a significant entry barrier in
robotics which currently slows algorithmic development.

Benefits will come from eliminating the effort and expertise required
to collect these very large experimental data sets, and from
facilitating direct comparison to previously published work.

Further details are available in the editorial at http://ijr.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/28/5/587"

Autopilot safer for Predators

It will be no surprise to researchers working in the field of robot teleoperation to hear that autopilots on UAVs are substantially better than human pilots at keeping their aircraft safe. Apparently the U.S. Air Force's highly trained "real" pilots, have crash landed $80 million worth of Predators, compared to none by the "Xbox trained" Army techs.

http://www.stripes.com/article.asp?section=104&article=62334

The upshot is that the Air Force is being forced to go to autonomous vehicles as quickly as possible.

Tuesday, April 28, 2009

Man injured by malfunctioning robot

"A Swedish company has been fined 25,000 kronor ($3,000) after a malfunctioning robot attacked and almost killed one of its workers at a factory north of Stockholm."

Apparently the man thought the robot was disconnected from power, but was not and managed to confuse him for a rock.

http://www.thelocal.se/19120.html

Tuesday, April 21, 2009

Nice application for Multi Robot System

MIT is working on a "Robot Gardener" that might do plant and harvest your vegetables for you. Sounds like a perfect basis for an interesting MRS.

http://www.technology.am/robot-gardener-plants-tends-and-harvests-114746.html

Highlight: "This robot pulls up to a docking station and “pees” on a tomato plant to water it. The robot moves to another tomato plant and uses the Web cam to recognize a tomato and grab it with the gripper."

Sunday, April 19, 2009

Interesting TED talks

A couple of short videos on TED that may be of interest to MRS or MAS researchers:

Bonnie Bassler discovered that bacteria "talk" to each other, using a chemical language that lets them coordinate defense and mount attacks. The find has stunning implications for medicine, industry -- and our understanding of ourselves.

http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/bonnie_bassler_on_how_bacteria_communicate.html

JoAnn Kuchera-Morin demos the AlloSphere, an entirely new way to see and interpret scientific data, in full color and surround sound inside a massive metal sphere. Dive into the brain, feel electron spin, hear the music of the elements ...

http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/joann_kuchera_morin_tours_the_allosphere.html

Tuesday, April 7, 2009

Winner of IFAAMAS-08 Victor Lesser Distinguished Dissertation Award announced

Ariel Procaccia receives the 2008 Victor Lesser Distinguished
Dissertation Award sponsored by IFAAMAS, the International Foundation
for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (http://www.ifaamas.org).

The selection committee for the IFAAMAS-08 Victor Lesser Distinguished
Dissertation Award is pleased to announce that Dr. Ariel Procaccia has
won the award. Dr. Procaccia received the Ph.D. in Computer Science
from Hebrew University of Jerusalem. His thesis contains fundamental
contributions to computational social choice theory, covering a wide
variety of topics including the complexity of election manipulation,
the robustness of voting rules, the learnability of voting rules, and
incentive-compatible machine learning. Among other contributions, it
introduces a new way of analyzing the manipulability of social choice
functions, which has become influential in AAMAS and related research
communities.

The committee is also pleased to announce two runners-up: Dr. Matthew
Taylor, who received his Ph.D. in Computer Science from the University
of Texas at Austin, and Dr. Yevgeniy Vorobeychik, who received his
Ph.D. in Computer Science and Engineering from the University of
Michigan. Dr. Taylor's thesis concerns transfer learning and Dr.
Vorobeychik's thesis studies empirical mechanism design. Both
dissertations also make innovative and influential contributions to
the field of autonomous agents and multiagent systems.

Previous winners of this award were Radu Jurca (2007) and Vincent
Conitzer (2006).

The selection committee members were Vincent Conitzer, Les Gasser,
Radu Jurca, Sarit Kraus, Sandip Sen, and Makoto Yokoo (chair).

Military vision

Interesting (but somewhat unambitious) view of how autonomous systems and humans will work together in the future.

Check out the video.

Some of the technology already exists and has been demonstrated, but a lot of what is left to do for this particular vision is some messy engineering.

Monday, April 6, 2009

Scientists losing their jobs to automation?

Two articles have appeared in the popular science media in the last week talking about software that automatically made new scientific knowledge. In one case, the knowledge was completely new, while in the other case, the software autonomously learned something we already knew.

Here are the first and second articles.

It makes sense to me that this type of technology will do more over time. Science is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration. That 99% often involves running large numbers of experiments, processing reams of data and designing slightly changed experiments based on the previous results. When the execution of the experiments can be automated, e.g., when a simulator is used, software is ideally suited to run the experiments.

Artificial intelligence is sometimes described as the science of search. Thus, the techniques developed in that field for 50 years, should be ideally suited to performing routine experiments. The design and processing of experiments and their results is essentially search over some complex, sometimes physical space.

But getting software to do that "1% inspiration" is likely a long way off. That leads to two possible outcomes: (a) Scientists starting actually working 1% of the time (about 20 minutes a week) or (b) Scientific discovery speeds up 100 fold. I know where my money is.

Friday, April 3, 2009

Robotic Fish for Pollution Monitoring

These 5ft (1.5m) long fish won't be a swarm in the intuitive sense, but there will be multiple of them. Nice application.

"EU Commissions Swarm of Robot Fish to Sniff Our Pollution in Ports

The systems the EU is buying for a pollution control project are one of the rare robotic systems shaped like animals for practical reasons, not just for looks.

Researchers in Southern England have won part of a European Union contract with a sophisticated, autonomous, marine-locomotive pollution detector that looks astonishingly like a fish.

The 2.5 million-pound ($3.6 million) contract was awarded by the EU’s 7th Framework Programme for SHOAL a project whose name looks like an acronym but isn’t, whose goal is to use robot fish to sniff out and report pollution in Europe’s harbors and rivers."

Read more.

Sunday, March 29, 2009

A real programming challenge

Its hard enough to make an iCreate avoid a wall, imagine trying to get a biological brain do something useful.

"Life for Warwick’s robot began when his team at the University of Reading spread rat neurons onto an array of electrodes. After about 20 minutes, the neurons began to form connections with one another. “It’s an innate response of the neurons,” says Warwick, “they try to link up and start communicating.”

For the next week the team fed the developing brain a liquid containing nutrients and minerals. And once the neurons established a network sufficiently capable of responding to electrical inputs from the electrode array, they connected the newly formed brain to a simple robot body consisting of two wheels and a sonar sensor. "

Read the article here.

Thursday, March 26, 2009

A Nanorobotics special issue of The International Journal of Robotics

Table of Contents is available online at:
http://ijr.sagepub.com/content/vol28/issue4/?etoc

Editorial: Special Issue on Current State of the Art and Future
Challenges in Nanorobotics
Constantinos Mavroidis and Antoine Ferreira
The International Journal of Robotics Research 2009;28 419-420
http://ijr.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/28/4/419

Computational Studies of a Protein-based Nanoactuator for Nanogripping
Applications
Gaurav Sharma, Constantinos Mavroidis, Kaushal Rege, Martin L.
Yarmush, and David Budil
The International Journal of Robotics Research 2009;28 421-435
http://ijr.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/28/4/421

Multiscale Design and Modeling of Protein-based Nanomechanisms for
Nanorobotics
Mustapha Hamdi and Antoine Ferreira
The International Journal of Robotics Research 2009;28 436-449
http://ijr.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/28/4/436

Residue Level Three-dimensional Workspace Maps for Conformational
Trajectory Planning of Proteins
Christopher Madden, Peter Bohnenkamp, Kazem Kazerounian, and Horea
T. Ilies
The International Journal of Robotics Research 2009;28 450-463
http://ijr.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/28/4/450

Towards Microcantilever-based Force Sensing and Manipulation: Modeling,
Control Development and Implementation
Reza Saeidpourazar and Nader Jalili
The International Journal of Robotics Research 2009;28 464-483
http://ijr.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/28/4/464

A Scaled Bilateral Control System for Experimental One-dimensional
Teleoperated Nanomanipulation
Cagdas D. Onal and Metin Sitti
The International Journal of Robotics Research 2009;28 484-497
http://ijr.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/28/4/484

Real-time Rigid-body Visual Tracking in a Scanning Electron Microscope
Bradley E. Kratochvil, Lixin Dong, and Bradley J. Nelson
The International Journal of Robotics Research 2009;28 498-511
http://ijr.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/28/4/498

Algorithms and Software for Nanomanipulation with Atomic Force Microscopes
A.A.G. Requicha, D.J. Arbuckle, B. Mokaberi, and J. Yun
The International Journal of Robotics Research 2009;28 512-522
http://ijr.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/28/4/512

Automated Nanomanufacturing System to Assemble Carbon Nanotube Based Devices
King Wai Chui Lai, Ning Xi, Carmen Kar Man Fung, Jiangbo Zhang,
Hongzhi Chen, Yilun Luo, and Uchechukwu C. Wejinya
The International Journal of Robotics Research 2009;28 523-536
http://ijr.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/28/4/523

Nanofabrication, Nanoinstrumentation and Nanoassembly by Nanorobotic
Manipulation
Toshio Fukuda, Masahiro Nakajima, Pou Liu, and Haitham ElShimy
The International Journal of Robotics Research 2009;28 537-547
http://ijr.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/28/4/537

Meeting the Challenge of Building Diamondoid Medical Nanorobots
Robert A. Freitas, Jr
The International Journal of Robotics Research 2009;28 548-557
http://ijr.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/28/4/548

Nanorobot for Brain Aneurysm
Adriano Cavalcanti, Bijan Shirinzadeh, Toshio Fukuda, and Seiichi Ikeda
The International Journal of Robotics Research 2009;28 558-570
http://ijr.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/28/4/558

Flagellated Magnetotactic Bacteria as Controlled MRI-trackable
Propulsion and Steering Systems for Medical Nanorobots Operating in the
Human Microvasculature
Sylvain Martel, Mahmood Mohammadi, Ouajdi Felfoul, Zhao Lu, and
Pierre Pouponneau
The International Journal of Robotics Research 2009;28 571-582
http://ijr.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/28/4/571

Monday, March 23, 2009

RoboBusiness

"If you are a business or technical professional looking to develop, understand or invest in the next generation of robotics, automation and intelligent systems products and technology, you cannot afford to miss this important event.

Attend RoboBusiness and learn:

- The anticipated revenue and unit volume trends for the mobile robotics and intelligent systems market
- The best ways to exploit robotics product and partnership opportunities
- The state of investment in the mobile robotics and intelligent systems market
- What robotic technology and standards currently exist in the open marketplace
- What solutions available today can be applied to solve different problem sets
- How robotics functionality can be added to existing products and services
- What industries and vertical market segments robotics are showing the greatest growth
- What are the opportunities for healthcare automation, lifestyle enhancement and medical robotics
"

http://www.robobusiness.com/

"Big Dog" going to Afghanistan?

I am not convinced of the reliability of this story (and there is nothing on Boston Dynamics website), but folks in Afghanistan might soon be in for an entertaining sight:

"Multiple news sources have reported that the US Military is deploying "BigDogs" to Afghanistan to assist in the fight against the enemy."

http://www.shadowspear.com/special_operations_kit/1289.html